Three-fourth of the earth is covered by water and rest by land. The solar radiation received by earth is responsible for thermal heating of both the water bodies and the land mass. The evaporation from the surface of large water bodies – seas and oceans – is governed by the temperature and surrounding relative humidity. This evaporated water leads to cloud formation and is carried towards the land, leading to rainfall – a key factor that is responsible for the sustainability of ecology and environment through growth of living organism like plants and trees on the earth.
Globally, in recent years, industrialization has been observed to be the main culprit responsible for the pollution of our atmosphere. This has not only caused global warming, but also affected the transmissivity of the terrestrial region, thereby severely affecting the amount of radiation received by the earth. Consequently, the evaporation from water bodies is effected and ultimately, it leads to adverse impact on both rainfall and agriculture.
